What is the Armstrong Number in Java? It’s Prerequisites and Algorithm

What is the Armstrong Number?

A given number x is called an Armstrong number of order n if its equal to sum of its digits raised to power n, i.e:

abc= pow(a,n) + pow(b,n) + pow(c,n)

A positive integer of n digits is an Armstrong number (of order 3) if it is equal to the sum of cubes of its digits. For example:

Input: 153

Output: Yes

1*1*1 + 5*5*5 + 3*3*3 = 153

Thus, 153 is an Armstrong number

Input: 121

Output: No

1*1*1 + 2*2*2 + 1*1*1 = 10

Thus, 120 is not a Armstrong number.

Prerequisites and Algorithm

In this article, we will learn to check whether an input number is an Armstrong number or not. For this, we will be using a while loop and for loop in Java. To understand this program, we need knowledge of the following topics in Java:

•   Java if-else statement
•   Java for Loop
•   Java while and do-while loop

Algorithm:

1.     Take an integer variable x
2.     Value is assigned to the variable x
3.     The digits of the value are split
4.     The cube value of each digit is found
5.     Add the values of all the cubes
6.     The output is saved to sum variable
7.     If sum=X, print Armstrong number

If sum != X, print not Armstrong number

Program to Check Armstrong Number in Java

1. Armstrong number in Java of order 3

Code:

public class Armstrong{ 

             public static void main(String[] args)  { 

               int x=0,a,temp; 

               int n=153;//It is the number to check Armstrong 

               temp=n; 

               while(n>0) 

               { 

               a=n%10; 

               n=n/10; 

               x=x+(a*a*a); 

               } 

               if(temp==x) 

               System.out.println(“Armstrong number”);  

               else 

               System.out.println(“Not Armstrong number”);  

             } 

           }

 Output:

Explanation

First, a given number N’s value is stored in another integer variable, x. This is done as we need to compare the values of the original number and the final number at the end. A while loop is used to lop through the number N until it is equal to 0. With every iteration, the last digit of N is stored in a.

Then the result is computed by cubing a or using Math. pow() and adding it to x. When the last digit is removed from N, it is divided by 10. Finally =, temp and X are compared. If they are equal, it’s an Armstrong number. Otherwise, it isn’t.

2. Armstrong number in Java of order n

Code:

public class Armstrong

{

               /* Function to calculate a raised to the

               power b */

               int power(int a, long b)

               {

                                  if( b == 0)

                                                    return 1;

                                  if (b%2 == 0)

                                                    return power(a, b/2)*power(a, b/2);

                                  return a*power(a, b/2)*power(a, b/2);

               }

 

               /* Function to calculate order of the number */

               int order(int a)

               {

                                  int n = 0;

                                  while (a != 0)

                                  {

                                                    n++;

                                                    a = a/10;

                                  }

                                  return n;

               }

 

               // Function to check whether the given number is Armstrong number or not

               boolean Armstrong (int a)

               {

                                  // Calling the order function

                                  int n = order(a);

                                  int temp=a, sum=0;

                                  while (temp!=0)

                                  {

                                                    int r = temp%10;

                                                    sum = sum + power(r,n);

                                                    temp = temp/10;

                                  }

 

                                  // If it satisfies Armstrong condition

                                  return (sum == a);

               }

               // Driver Program

               public static void main(String[] args)

               {

                                  Armstrong obj = new Armstrong();

                                  int a = 153;

                                  System.out.println(obj.isArmstrong(a));

                                  a = 1276;

                                  System.out.println(obj.isArmstrong(a));

               }

}

Output:

Explanation

In this program, instead of a while loop, we have used recursion. The first function is used to calculate a number a raised to power b. Math.pow(a,b) can also be used for the same. The second function checks the order of the number, like, 153 is of order 3. Finally, a Boolean function Armstrong is used to return if the number is Armstrong or not. Then an object of the Armstrong class is used to call the functions.

Java Program to Print Armstrong Numbers in the Given Range

Code:

public class Armstrong

{

           public static void main(String[] arg)

           {

           int i=0,x;

           System.out.println(“Armstrong numbers between 0 to 999”);

           while(i<1000)

           {

           x=armstrongOrNot(i);

           if(x==i)

           System.out.println(i);

           i++;

           }

           }

static int armstrongOrNot(int n)

{

           int c,a=0;

           while(n!=0)

           {

                          c=n%10;

                          a=a+(c*c*c);

                          n/=10 ;

           }

           return a;

}

}

Output:

Explanation: In this program, each number between the given interval low and high, are checked. Post each check, the sum and number of digits are restored to 0.

Conclusion

 In this article, we covered an Armstrong number in java in detail. We saw how to check if a number is an Armstrong number of order n and order 3. We also saw how you could get all the Armstrong numbers between a lower and upper bound.

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