Germany hosts over 400 public universities, many of which rank among the top in the world. With more than 350,000 international students currently enrolled, Germany has become a global hub for higher education.
What makes it even better? Most public universities charge no tuition fees, even for international students!
Why study at German public universities?
Affordable Education: Tuition-free programs mean you only pay a small semester fee, usually €150–€300 (₹13,300–₹26,600).
Diverse Programs: Whether it’s engineering, IT, business, or renewable energy, you’ll find courses tailored to industry needs.
Career Opportunities: Germany is home to companies like Siemens, BMW, Bosch, and SAP, which actively recruit graduates from public universities.
In this blog, we’ll explore the best public universities in Germany for master’s programs, their eligibility criteria, and the scope they offer for international students.
Top Public Universities in Germany for Master’s Programs
German public institutions rank among the best globally. With programs that are research-driven and industry-focused, these universities are perfect for students looking to make an impact in fields like engineering, business, and technology.
Here’s a list of some of the best public universities in Germany for master’s programs and what they’re known for:
University Name
Location
QS World University Ranking 2025
Technical University of Munich (TUM)
Munich
28th
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU)
Munich
59th
Heidelberg University
Heidelberg
84th
RWTH Aachen University
Aachen
99th
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Karlsruhe
102nd
Free University of Berlin
Berlin
97th
Humboldt University of Berlin
Berlin
126th
University of Göttingen
Göttingen
252nd
University of Stuttgart
Stuttgart
314th
Popular Master’s Courses Offered at Public Universities in Germany
Thinking about what to study for your master’s in Germany? Germany is known for its strong focus on quality education and practical learning, especially in fields like engineering, business, and healthcare. Plus, many programs are in English and have little to no tuition fees, which makes it a great choice for international students.
Here’s a look at some of the most popular master’s courses offered by public universities in Germany:
1. Engineering
Germany is famous for its engineering programs, and for good reason. From automotive to renewable energy, the courses here are practical and tied to industries leading innovation.
Mechanical Engineering
Automotive Engineering
Civil Engineering
Renewable Energy
2. Computer Science
With its growing tech scene, Germany is a top choice for computer science programs. The focus is on real-world applications like AI and cybersecurity, preparing students for cutting-edge careers.
Artificial Intelligence
Data Science
Cybersecurity
Software Engineering
3. Business Management
Germany’s business programs are great for students who want to step into leadership roles. These courses cover everything from international business to finance and supply chain management.
International Business
Supply Chain Management
Marketing and Strategy
Finance and Accounting
4. Medicine and Life Sciences
Germany is a leader in medical research and biotechnology. Programs here combine academic depth with hands-on research opportunities in areas like public health and molecular biology.
Public Health
Biomedical Engineering
Molecular Biology
Clinical Medicine
5. Humanities and Arts
If you’re passionate about history, arts, or literature, Germany has some of the most enriching programs. With its rich cultural background, studying humanities here can be deeply rewarding.
Philosophy
History and Cultural Studies
Visual Arts
Linguistics and Literature
How the German Education System Works for Master’s Programs
It’s important to understand how their education system works. German master’s programs are structured to offer in-depth knowledge while giving students flexibility and practical experience.
1. Types of Master’s Degrees
Master’s programs in Germany fall into two categories:
Consecutive Master’s Degrees: These are for students who’ve studied a related field in their bachelor’s program. For example, if you have a bachelor’s in Mechanical Engineering, you can pursue a master’s in the same or a related field.
Non-Consecutive Master’s Degrees: These are for students switching fields or seeking specialized knowledge. For instance, someone with a bachelor’s in Business might pursue a master’s in Data Science. These often require relevant work experience.
2. Semester Structure and Credit System (ECTS)
German master’s programs usually follow this structure:
Duration: Most programs are 2 years (4 semesters). Some intensive courses might be completed in 1.5 years (3 semesters).
Credit System: Programs use the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS), where students earn 120 credits over the course of their degree. This includes lectures, exams, assignments, and a final thesis.
30 ECTS per semester on average.
Thesis: Usually carries 30–40 credits and is completed in the final semester.
3. Program Structure
Core Modules: Cover foundational knowledge in your field.
Electives: Allow you to specialize in areas of interest.
Internships: Many programs include practical training, especially in technical and business fields.
Master’s Thesis: A significant research project that showcases your expertise and is often tied to industry or academic research.
Benefits of Studying at Public Universities in Germany for Master’s
Studying at a public university in Germany is a dream for many international students, and it’s easy to see why. Here’s why Germany stands out for master’s programs:
1. Low Tuition Fees
The biggest advantage? You won’t need to worry about hefty tuition bills.
Most public universities charge no tuition fees for international students.
Students pay a small semester fee, typically €150–€300 (₹13447 - ₹26895), which often covers public transport and administrative costs.
2. Globally Recognized Education
Degrees from German universities carry weight worldwide.
Institutions like Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Heidelberg University consistently rank among the top in the world.
With access to advanced labs, expert faculty, and innovative teaching methods, students receive an education that’s second to none.
3. Research Excellence
Germany is known for being a leader in research and development.
Universities like RWTH Aachen and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) are at the forefront of innovation in fields like renewable energy, AI, and biomedicine.
Many master’s programs integrate students into research projects, often in collaboration with industry leaders.
4. Cultural Diversity
Germany attracts students from across the globe, creating a vibrant international community.
Over 350,000 international students are currently enrolled, meaning you’ll find peers from all corners of the world.
Universities often host cultural events, language exchanges, and networking activities, making it easier to adapt and connect.
5. Excellent Post-Study Opportunities
Germany’s strong economy means great career prospects for graduates.
You’re eligible for an 18-month post-study work visa, giving you time to secure a job after graduation.
Many students land jobs with global companies like Bosch, Volkswagen, Siemens, or even startups in booming tech hubs like Berlin.
Eligibility Criteria for Public Universities in Germany for Master’s
Planning to apply to a master’s program in Germany? It’s important to know the eligibility requirements before you start your application.
Academic Requirements
To qualify for a master’s program, you need:
A bachelor’s degree in a related field is mandatory. For instance, a master’s in Mechanical Engineering typically requires a bachelor’s degree in the same or a closely related discipline.
Universities generally expect a minimum GPA equivalent to 2.5 on the German scale or higher, which translates to approximately 70%.
Some universities accept 3-year bachelor’s degrees, but it’s always best to check with the specific institution.
Language Proficiency Requirements
Your language proficiency depends on whether the program is taught in English or German:
English-Taught Programs: Most universities require proof of English proficiency through tests like:
TOEFL: Minimum score of 80–100 (iBT).
IELTS: Minimum overall band score of 6.0–7.0.
German-Taught Programs: For programs taught in German, you’ll need proficiency in the language, proven by tests like:
TestDaF: A minimum of 4 in each section.
DSH: Level DSH-2 or DSH-3.
If you don’t meet the language requirements, some universities offer preparatory courses to help you improve your skills before starting the program.
Work Experience (If Applicable)
While most programs don’t require work experience, some specialized master’s programs do. For example:
MBA or Business Programs: Many universities prefer or require applicants to have 1–3 years of relevant work experience.
Non-Consecutive Master’s Degrees: These are designed for students switching fields or pursuing a professional degree, and work experience is often a key requirement.
Make sure to check the specific requirements of the program you’re applying to. Some universities may also ask for a resume or statement of purpose to highlight your experience.
Application Process for Master’s Degree in German Public Universities
Applying for a master’s degree at German public universities is a straightforward process when you know the steps.
Step 1: Choose Your Course and Preferred University
Research programs that match your academic background and career goals.
Check for English-taught or German-taught programs based on your language skills.
Shortlist universities offering programs that align with your interests.
Step 2: Verify Eligibility Criteria and Language Requirements
Review academic prerequisites for your chosen program. Most require a related bachelor’s degree.
Check language requirements. For English programs, you’ll need TOEFL/IELTS. For German programs, TestDaF or DSH is required.
Some programs may require relevant work experience, especially MBAs or professional master’s courses.
Step 3: Prepare Essential Documents
Academic transcripts and certificates (translated if necessary).
Proof of language proficiency (TOEFL, IELTS, or TestDaF/DSH scores).
Statement of Purpose (SOP) and a detailed CV.
Two letters of recommendation from professors or employers.
Passport and, in some cases, proof of finances (e.g., blocked account).
Step 4: Apply Through Uni-Assist or Directly via University Portals
Uni-Assist: A centralized application portal used by many German universities. Create an account, upload documents, and pay the processing fee.
Direct Applications: Some universities allow you to apply directly through their official website.
Double-check deadlines as they may vary between universities and programs.
Step 5: Wait for Admission Results and Start the Visa Process
Admission decisions typically take 6–12 weeks. If accepted, you’ll receive a formal offer letter.
Begin your student visa application immediately, as the process can take several weeks.
Secure health insurance, arrange accommodation, and plan your travel to Germany.
Cost of Studying at Public Universities in Germany for Master’s
Wondering how much it costs to study in Germany? Public universities don’t charge tuition fees for most programs—even for international students. But there are still a few costs you’ll need to plan for, like living expenses and semester fees.
Public universities don’t charge tuition fees. However, a small semester contribution fee is required, typically €150–€300 per semester (₹13,300–₹26,600). This fee often covers administrative costs, public transport, and student union services.
Breakdown of Living Expenses:
Expense Category
Average Cost (EUR/Month)
Key Considerations
Accommodation
€300–€500 (₹26,600–₹44,400)
Shared apartments or student housing are cheaper.
Food and Groceries
€150–€250 (₹13,300–₹22,200)
Cooking at home helps reduce costs.
Health Insurance
€110–€120 (₹9,700–₹10,600)
Mandatory for all students in Germany.
Public Transport
Included in semester fee
Semester fee covers local travel for most universities.
Miscellaneous
€50–€100 (₹4,400–₹8,800)
Covers internet, phone, and leisure activities.
Estimated Monthly Total:
Expect to spend €800–€1,200 per month (₹71,000–₹1,06,000), depending on your lifestyle and the city you’re living in. Cities like Munich and Frankfurt are more expensive, while Leipzig and Dresden are more affordable.
Career Opportunities After Graduating from German Public Universities
Graduating from a public university in Germany opens doors to incredible career opportunities. Germany’s strong economy and reputation for innovation mean there’s always demand for skilled professionals.
Top Industries Hiring Graduates
Germany’s diverse and thriving industries create endless possibilities for international graduates. Here’s where your degree can take you:
Engineering: Known as a global leader in engineering, Germany is home to companies like Bosch, BMW, and Siemens, constantly seeking top talent. Starting salaries for engineers typically range from €45,000 to €65,000 annually (₹39,00,000–₹56,00,000).
IT and Software Development: The tech industry is booming, with demand for professionals in AI, data science, cybersecurity, and more. Graduates in IT can expect salaries between €50,000 and €70,000 annually (₹43,00,000–₹61,00,000).
Healthcare: Germany’s advanced healthcare system offers opportunities in biotechnology, public health, and medical research. Salaries for healthcare professionals average around €45,000–€60,000 annually (₹39,00,000–₹52,00,000).
Business Management: Companies value graduates for their skills in international business, supply chain, and finance, especially in industries like automotive and manufacturing. Business management roles typically offer salaries of €50,000–€80,000 annually (₹43,00,000–₹70,00,000).
Job Market for International Graduates
Germany makes it easier for international students to transition into the workforce:
Post-Study Work Visa: You can stay for up to 18 months after graduation to find a job.
Low Unemployment Rate: Fields like IT, engineering, and healthcare often face skill shortages, creating a high demand for qualified professionals.
Starting Salaries: Across all industries, international graduates typically earn €40,000–€60,000 annually (₹34,00,000–₹52,00,000), with higher ranges in tech and business roles.
Career Support from Universities
German universities help you succeed professionally too:
Career Services: Many universities offer job fairs, workshops, and personalized counseling to help you navigate the job market.
Internship Opportunities: Programs often include internships or co-op placements, giving you valuable hands-on experience before graduation.
Alumni Networks: Strong alumni communities and mentorship programs connect you with industry leaders, opening doors to exciting opportunities.
Public vs. Private Universities in Germany for Master’s: Key Differences
Trying to decide between a public or private university in Germany? Both have their benefits, but the choice really depends on your priorities. Do you value low costs and a wide range of programs? Or are you looking for smaller class sizes and niche courses?
Feature
Public Universities
Private Universities
Tuition Fees
Tuition-free for most programs (small semester fees of €150–€300).
High tuition fees, ranging from €10,000–€20,000 per year.
Funding Sources
Funded by the government.
Privately funded by tuition and endowments.
Program Options
Wide range of programs, especially in engineering, science, and research.
More specialized programs, often in business, management, and design.
Admissions Requirements
Competitive, based on academic performance and language proficiency.
Easier admissions with less focus on grades (varies by institution).
Class Sizes
Larger class sizes, which can mean less individual attention.
Smaller class sizes, allowing for more interaction with professors.
Global Recognition
Degrees are globally recognized, especially from top public universities.
Some private universities may not be as well-known internationally.
Career Opportunities
Strong alumni networks and partnerships with industries for job placements.
Career-focused programs with industry collaborations but limited networks.
How upGrad Abroad Can Help You Apply and Prepare for Courses in Germany
Planning to study in Germany? upGrad Abroad is here to make it easy for you. From applications to language preparation and finding the right course, we’ve got you covered. Here’s how we can help:
Application Support
Writing an impressive SOP, getting strong LORs, and submitting the right documents can be tricky. upGrad offers step-by-step guidance to ensure your application stands out.
If you’re applying to English or German-taught programs, we’ve got resources to help you. upGrad provides guidance for IELTS and basic German language skills to meet university requirements.
Looking for flexible learning? upGrad Abroad offers hybrid programs with top German universities. You can start online and continue on campus in Germany, combining convenience with international exposure.
1. Do German public universities require entrance exams for master’s programs?
Not usually. Most German public universities don’t ask for entrance exams for master’s programs, but some competitive courses, like engineering or business, might require subject-specific tests or interviews.
2. Can I apply for multiple public universities at once?
Yes, you can. Many universities use a platform called Uni-Assist, which lets you apply to multiple schools at the same time. It’s a straightforward way to manage your applications.
3. What support services do public universities offer for international students?
Public universities in Germany offer helpful services like academic advising, housing assistance, and language courses. Many also have international offices to guide students with things like visas, health insurance, and settling into life in Germany.
4. Are public universities in Germany suitable for non-German speakers?
Absolutely. Many master’s programs are taught in English, especially in fields like science, engineering, and business. These programs are designed with international students in mind, so you don’t need to know German.
5. What happens if I don’t meet the language proficiency requirements?
If you don’t meet the language requirements, some universities let you join preparatory language courses or “Studienkollegs.” These programs help you get ready before starting your degree.
6. Do public universities in Germany accept students with three-year bachelor’s degrees?
Some do, especially if your degree matches the German education system. It’s a good idea to check with the university you’re applying to since requirements can vary.
7. How long does it take to complete a master’s degree at public universities in Germany?
Most master’s programs take two years to finish. Some programs are shorter, lasting about 1.5 years, especially if they’re intensive.
8. Can I switch universities mid-program in Germany?
Yes, switching universities is possible, but you’ll need to make sure your courses and credits align. Both universities will need to approve the transfer.
9. Are internships mandatory during a master’s program at public universities?
It depends on the program. Fields like engineering or business often require internships. Even if it’s not mandatory, doing an internship is a great way to gain experience and improve your career prospects.
10. What are the most affordable cities for students in Germany?
Cities like Leipzig, Dresden, and Halle are known for their lower living costs compared to expensive cities like Munich or Frankfurt. They’re great options for students on a budget.
11. Is health insurance mandatory for international students in Germany?
Yes, health insurance is required to enroll in any German university. Public health insurance for students costs about €100–€120 per month and covers essential medical services.
12. What’s the difference between a student visa and a job-seeker visa in Germany?
A student visa lets you study full-time and also work part-time. A job-seeker visa, on the other hand, is for people looking for jobs in Germany and doesn’t include study options.
13. How competitive is admission to top public universities in Germany?
It can be quite competitive, especially for popular schools like TU Munich or Heidelberg University. A strong academic record and a well-written motivation letter can make your application stand out.
14. Can I pursue a part-time master’s degree at public universities in Germany?
While most programs are full-time, some universities do offer part-time options, especially in fields like business or education. These programs are perfect for working students or those needing more flexibility.
Neha Uppal is a passionate content creator and editor. She carries 7.5+ years of experience working with leading edutech companies where she worked as a Faculty, Community Manager, and Content Marketeer. At upGrad, she is helping out people keep informed about the scopes and opportunities of studying abroad via informational articles/blogs.
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