SAT Syllabus 2025: Topics, Weightage & Preparation Guide

Understanding the SAT syllabus 2025 is crucial for effective preparation. The SAT, now fully digital, consists of two main sections, Reading & Writing and Math, each divided into two adaptive modules. The Reading & Writing section lasts 64 minutes, while the Math section extends to 70 minutes. 

This format personalizes the difficulty level based on your performance. With 43% more time per question than before, the 2025 SAT syllabus ensures a balanced assessment of your skills. This blog provides a detailed breakdown of the SAT syllabus 2025, including section-wise topics, question types, weightage, and preparation tips.

SAT Syllabus 2025: An Overview

The revamped digital SAT allocates 43% more time per question than the previous paper-based format and 68% more time than the ACT. This redesign aims to provide a more efficient and accurate assessment of your readiness for college-level education.

The 2025 Digital SAT follows an adaptive testing format:

• Stage 1: A mix of easy, medium, and hard questions.
• Stage 2: Adjusts question difficulty based on Stage 1 performance.

This structure ensures a personalized evaluation, helping you showcase your strengths effectively.  ​

Below is a summary of the key details of the SAT exam:​

Component	Details
Total Duration	2 hours and 14 minutes
Sections	Reading & Writing: 64 minutes Math: 70 minutes
Modules per Section	2 modules of equal length per section
Total Questions	98 questions: Reading & Writing: 54 questions Math: 44 questions
Scoring Range	400 to 1600: Reading & Writing: 200–800 Math: 200–800
Breaks	One 10-minute break between the Reading & Writing and Math sections
Registration Fee	$68 (INR 5826) For international students: $68, plus a $43 (INR 3684) international fee.

Understanding this structure is crucial for effective preparation. Now, let's have a look at a detailed breakdown of the SAT syllabus 2025, organized by subject.

SAT Subject-Wise Syllabus Breakdown for 2025

The SAT syllabus 2025 is divided into two core sections: Reading & Writing and Math. Each section assesses distinct skills, from comprehension and grammar to algebra and data analysis. Since the exam follows an adaptive format, understanding the syllabus helps you prepare efficiently.

Below is a detailed breakdown of the SAT syllabus 2025:

Section	Key Topics Covered	Question Distribution	Weightage
Reading & Writing	- Craft & Structure (Vocabulary, Rhetoric, Text Analysis) - Information & Ideas (Main Ideas, Inferences) - Standard English Conventions (Grammar, Punctuation) - Expression of Ideas (Logical Structure, Transitions)	54 Questions	55%
Math	- Algebra (Linear Equations, Expressions, Inequalities) - Advanced Math (Quadratic & Exponential Functions) - Problem Solving & Data Analysis (Ratios, Percentages, Graphs) - Geometry & Trigonometry (Angles, Circles, Triangles)	44 Questions	45%

Now that you understand the overall syllabus, let’s look at the Reading & Writing section in the next part.

SAT Reading & Writing Syllabus

The SAT Reading & Writing section assesses your ability to comprehend, analyze, and edit texts effectively. Starting in 2025, the Digital SAT combines these two skills into a single section, meaning you must be proficient in both reading comprehension and grammar within the same test format. 

You’ll encounter passage-based questions that evaluate vocabulary usage, logical reasoning, and grammar application.

Let’s first explore the reading syllabus, including key question types and sample questions.

Reading Syllabus & Question Types

The Reading section includes passages from various domains, such as literature, historical documents, social sciences, and natural sciences. You’ll answer questions that test your understanding of key themes, argument structures, and vocabulary in context.

Below are the key question types in the Reading section:

Question Type	Description	Sample Question
Main Idea & Details	Identify the central theme and supporting ideas.	What is the main argument the author presents in the passage?
Inference Questions	Draw conclusions based on implied information.	Based on paragraph 3, what can be inferred about the narrator’s attitude?
Evidence-Based Reading	Select the best textual evidence to support an answer.	Which sentence from the passage best supports the claim made in line 12?
Vocabulary in Context	Determine word meanings based on the passage’s context.	In the passage, the word “resilient” most nearly means…
Author’s Purpose & Tone	Analyze why the author wrote the passage and their tone.	Why does the author include the anecdote in paragraph 2?

Now, let’s look at the writing syllabus and grammar rules tested in this section.

Writing Syllabus & Grammar Rules

The Writing section focuses on revising and editing texts to improve clarity, structure, and grammatical accuracy. Your ability to correct sentence errors, apply proper punctuation, and ensure logical flow will be tested through passage-based questions.

Below are the key writing question types:

Grammar Rule	Description	Sample Question
Sentence Structure	Identify and fix sentence fragments or run-on sentences.	Which choice correctly combines the two sentences without changing the meaning?
Punctuation	Apply proper use of commas, semicolons, and apostrophes.	Which sentence uses commas correctly?
Subject-Verb Agreement	Ensure verbs match the subject in number and tense.	Which option correctly revises the verb form?
Modifiers & Clarity	Place descriptive words correctly to avoid ambiguity.	Which revision improves the clarity of the sentence?
Parallelism	Maintain consistency in lists and comparisons.	Which sentence best maintains parallel structure?

Next, let's start with Algebra & Functions and explore the common question types you’ll face.

SAT Math Syllabus

The SAT Math section evaluates your skills in solving algebraic equations, analyzing data, and applying advanced mathematical concepts. Below is a breakdown of the major topics covered in SAT Math:

Math Topic	Key Concepts
Algebra & Functions	Linear equations, inequalities, graphing functions, and expressions.
Advanced Math & Quadratics	Quadratic equations, polynomials, and exponential growth.
Problem-Solving & Data Analysis	Ratios, percentages, probability, and data interpretation.
Geometry & Trigonometry	Angles, circles, volume, and trigonometric functions.

Let’s begin with Algebra & Functions and the question types you will encounter.

Algebra & Functions

This section assesses your ability to manipulate algebraic expressions, solve linear equations, and interpret functions. Expect questions involving real-world scenarios such as finance, physics, and business applications.

Subtopic	Question Type	Sample Question
Solving Linear Equations & Inequalities	Solve for x in equations and inequalities.	Solve for x: 3x + 5 = 14. What is x?
Graphing Linear Functions	Identify slopes, y-intercepts, and transformations.	What is the slope of the line passing through (2,3) and (4,7)?
Function Notation & Interpretation	Evaluate functions and understand domain/range.	If f(x) = 2x² - 3x + 1, what is f(4)?
Word Problems & Systems of Equations	Solve real-life problems involving two-variable systems.	A movie ticket costs ₹150 for adults and ₹100 for children. If a family spent ₹1200 on 4 adult and x child tickets, how many child tickets were bought?

Next, let’s explore Advanced Math & Quadratics.

Advanced Math & Quadratics

This section includes polynomials, quadratic equations, exponential functions, and logarithms.

Subtopic	Question Type	Sample Question
Quadratic Equations (Factoring & Quadratic Formula)	Solve for roots using factoring and quadratic formula.	Solve for x: x² - 5x + 6 = 0. What are the solutions?
Exponential Growth & Decay	Solve word problems on population growth and depreciation.	A car worth ₹10,00,000 depreciates at 10% per year. What is its value after 3 years?
Polynomial Operations	Expand and simplify polynomials.	Expand: (x - 3)(x + 5). What is the result?

Now, let’s move on to Problem-Solving & Data Analysis.

Problem-Solving & Data Analysis

This section tests your ability to work with ratios, percentages, probability, and statistics. Many questions involve analyzing charts, graphs, and tables.

Subtopic	Question Type	Sample Question
Ratios & Proportions	Solve direct and inverse proportion problems.	If a recipe requires 2 cups of flour for 3 servings, how many cups are needed for 12 servings?
Percentage Change	Solve problems involving profit, discounts, and interest.	A laptop originally costs ₹50,000 but is now discounted by 15%. What is the new price?
Probability & Statistics	Find probability and interpret data sets.	A bag contains 4 red, 6 blue, and 10 green balls. What is the probability of picking a blue ball?
Interpreting Graphs & Tables	Read and analyze real-world data.	A graph shows sales figures over 6 months. In which month was the highest revenue recorded?

Finally, let’s look at Geometry & Trigonometry.

Geometry & Trigonometry

This section tests knowledge of geometric properties, coordinate geometry, and trigonometric applications. Many questions involve real-world applications like engineering and architecture.

Subtopic	Question Type	Sample Question
Triangles & Pythagorean Theorem	Solve problems involving right triangles.	A ladder leans against a 12-ft wall at a 60° angle. How long is the ladder?
Circles & Area Calculations	Find areas, circumferences, and sector areas.	Find the area of a circle with radius 5 cm.
Coordinate Geometry (Midpoint & Distance)	Solve problems involving lines and slopes.	What is the midpoint of the segment joining (2,3) and (6,7)?
Trigonometric Ratios (Sine, Cosine, Tangent)	Apply trigonometric functions to find missing values.	If sin(θ) = 3/5, what is cos(θ)?

Also Read: How to Register for SAT Exam- Handy Tips

SAT Prep Tip for Math Section: Practice solving algebraic equations without a calculator to strengthen mental math skills. Understanding function graphs and exponential growth is also crucial for high scores!

Now that you have a complete understanding of the SAT syllabus 2025, let’s discuss the SAT exam pattern for 2025.

What Is the SAT Exam Pattern for 2025?

The SAT has been revamped in 2025, transitioning to an entirely online format with an adaptive testing system. The exam consists of two sections: Reading & Writing and Math, with a total duration of 2 hours and 14 minutes. The key change is that Reading & Writing sections are now combined into a single section, making the test more concise and adaptive.

Below is a breakdown of the SAT 2025 exam pattern, including section-wise weightage and question distribution:

Here is the SAT 2025 exam pattern:

Section	No. of Questions	Duration	Score Range	Weightage
Reading & Writing	54 questions	64 minutes	200-800	55%
Math	44 questions	70 minutes	200-800	45%
Total	98 questions	134 minutes	400-1600	100%

Now, let’s dive deeper into the Digital SAT exam pattern and key features.

Digital SAT Exam Pattern and Key Features

The Digital SAT follows an adaptive testing format, meaning that each section is divided into two modules. Your performance in the first module determines the difficulty level of the second. This helps create a more personalized test experience while reducing overall test time.

Below are the key features of the digital SAT:

Feature	Details
Exam Mode	Fully Digital (Computer-Based)
Test Format	Adaptive (Two Modules per Section)
Total Questions	98 (54 in Reading & Writing, 44 in Math)
Test Duration	2 hours 14 minutes
Scoring	400-1600
Calculator Use	Allowed for the entire Math section (built-in digital calculator)

Now, let’s compare the Digital SAT with the old pen-and-paper SAT format.

Traditional Pen and Paper SAT Format

Before 2025, the SAT followed a fixed, non-adaptive structure, where all students received the same set of questions. The test was longer (3 hours), and Reading, Writing, and Math were separate sections.

Here are the key differences between the old and new SAT:

Aspect	Old SAT (Pre-2024)	New Digital SAT (2024)
Test Format	Pen and Paper	Digital, Computer-Based
Total Duration	3 hours	2 hours 14 minutes
Question Type	Fixed for all students	Adaptive (varies by performance)
Sections	Reading, Writing, Math	Combined Reading & Writing, Math
Calculator Use	Only in some Math sections	Allowed throughout Math section

Also Read: SAT Exam Pattern - Sections, Duration, and Score

Since the Digital SAT is fundamentally different from the old format, let’s look at a detailed comparison of the exam patterns.

SAT Syllabus Changes in 2025 (Digital SAT Updates)

The SAT has transitioned from a paper-based test to a fully digital format, bringing major changes in structure, syllabus, and question types. This shift enhances test security, shortens exam duration, and introduces an adaptive testing model that personalizes difficulty levels.

Below are the key changes in the SAT syllabus 2025:

• Adaptive Testing Format – The exam now uses adaptive modules, adjusting question difficulty based on your performance, similar to how GMAT exams function.
• Combined Reading & Writing Section – Instead of separate Reading and Writing tests, the Digital SAT merges both into one, streamlining comprehension and grammar assessments like Duolingo’s English proficiency test.
• Calculator Allowed Throughout Math – Unlike the previous SAT, where calculators were only allowed in some math sections, the built-in Desmos calculator is now available for all math questions, improving problem-solving efficiency.
• Shorter Exam Duration – The test is now 2 hours and 14 minutes instead of 3 hours, following a structure similar to India’s CUET exam, making it more time-efficient.
• New Question Types – Expect real-world problem-solving in Reading & Writing and Math. The section-adaptive format adjusts difficulty per section, ensuring a balanced challenge.
• Digital Convenience – The exam is now taken on the College Board’s Bluebook app, offering a smoother experience with instant submission and quicker results.

These changes modernize the SAT to better assess college readiness while improving efficiency and fairness for all test-takers. 

Now, let’s explore how you can prepare effectively for the 2025 SAT.

SAT Exam Preparation Strategy

Preparing for the SAT requires a structured approach, focusing on learning concepts, practicing regularly, and improving test-taking strategies. Using high-quality study materials, taking mock tests, and managing time effectively can significantly boost your score. 

According to the College Board, students who engaged in 20 hours of personalized SAT practice experienced an average score increase of 115 points.

A well-balanced study plan covering Reading & Writing and Math ensures you perform confidently on test day. Below are key strategies to help you prepare effectively.

Best Books & Online Resources for SAT

Acing the SAT requires trusted books and online courses that align with the latest Digital SAT syllabus 2025. Using official and third-party resources helps you practice adaptive test formats and real-world applications.

Below are the best books and resources for SAT preparation:

• The Official SAT Study Guide (College Board) – Features full-length practice tests that closely replicate the real exam format.
• Comprehensive SAT Prep Books – Provide strategic test-taking techniques, problem-solving approaches, and step-by-step explanations.
• Digital Practice Resources – Offer structured question sets, progress tracking, and insights to refine test-taking strategies.
• Full-Length Practice Tests – Help simulate actual exam conditions, improving time management and accuracy.
• Concept-Specific Workbooks – Strengthen weak areas with targeted exercises for reading, writing, and math.

Also Read: SAT Preparation: How to Prepare for SAT Exam

Section-Wise Preparation Tips

Success in the SAT depends on strategic section-wise preparation. Strengthening both Reading & Writing and Math with targeted practice ensures a well-rounded performance.

Below are effective section-wise preparation tips:

Reading & Writing Section:

• Read a Variety of Materials – Enhance comprehension by reading editorials from The Hindu, research articles, and TED Talk transcripts.
• Practice Grammar Rules – Master sentence structure and punctuation using tools like Grammarly to refine writing accuracy.
• Analyze Passage Structures – Break down arguments in sources like BBC News and The Economic Times to improve logical reasoning skills.
• Expand Your Vocabulary – Use Quizlet flashcards and Word Power Made Easy, similar to how CAT aspirants build verbal skills.

Math Section:

• Solve Problems Daily – Regular practice with SAT-style problems helps build accuracy and speed, much like engineering students preparing for competitive exams.
• Understand Key Formulas – Memorize algebraic and geometric formulas with Anki digital flashcards for quick recall, similar to CFA formula retention techniques.
• Take Timed Tests – Simulate real exam conditions using Bluebook’s official SAT practice, just like students preparing for JEE with structured test series.
• Analyze Mistakes – Review errors carefully and identify patterns using performance analytics to strengthen weak areas.

With the right study strategies and structured practice, you can maximize your SAT score and secure admission to top universities. Start your preparation today!

How Can upGrad Help You Prepare for SAT 2025?

Preparing for the SAT requires structured guidance, strategic practice, and expert-curated resources. upGrad offers comprehensive study support, helping you master the SAT syllabus and exam pattern with personalized learning tools and mock tests.

Below are key ways upGrad can support your SAT 2025 preparation:

• Expert-Guided Learning – Gain insights from subject matter experts through structured study materials and concept-based lessons.
• Practice Tests & Performance Analysis – Take full-length mock exams designed to reflect the SAT’s section-adaptive format, helping you improve accuracy and time management.
• Personalized Study Plans – Follow a customized preparation roadmap based on your strengths and weaknesses to optimize learning.
• Concept Strengthening Modules – Access interactive lessons and problem-solving exercises to build strong foundational skills.
• One-on-One Doubt Resolution – Get academic support through structured doubt-clearing sessions to enhance understanding.
• Progress Tracking Tools – Utilize performance analytics to measure improvement and refine your study approach.

Gest started with upGrad’s expert guidance to craft a study plan tailored to your strengths and goals. Take the first step toward securing top SAT scores and discover global university opportunities!