Cracking an exam isn’t just about studying hard—it’s about strategy, perseverance, and mental toughness. Some exams push candidates to their limits, demanding years of rigorous preparation, deep analytical skills, and exceptional problem-solving abilities.
Whether it’s securing a spot in an Ivy League university, a top government position, or a globally recognized certification, the challenge is real.
The toughest exams in the world have low success rates, vast syllabus, and intense competition, making them a true test of dedication and intellect.
Here’s a look at the Top 10 Toughest Exams in the World in 2025:
Gaokao Exam (China) – A make-or-break test for Chinese students.
IIT JEE Advanced (India) – The gateway to India’s top engineering colleges.
All Souls Prize Fellowship Exam (Oxford, UK) – A legendary test of academic brilliance.
USMLE (USA) – The hardest medical licensing exam in the US.
Master Sommelier Diploma Exam – The world’s most elite wine certification.
ICAI CA / ICMAI (India) – Some of the toughest finance and accounting exams.
CCIE (Global) – A notoriously difficult networking certification.
Mensa IQ Test (Global) – The ultimate measure of intelligence.
CFA (Global) – One of the hardest finance exams with a low pass rate.
These exams demand focus, strategic preparation, and exceptional intellect. If you're curious about what makes them so challenging, let’s break them down in detail.
The following exams are considered the hardest due to their strict selection process, challenging syllabus, and intense competition. Each test demands strategic preparation, critical thinking, and perseverance.
1. Gaokao (China)
The Gaokao is China’s national college entrance exam and is considered one of the most stressful and competitive exams in the world. It determines admission to Chinese universities and is a decisive factor in a student’s future prospects. The exam covers multiple subjects, including Chinese, Mathematics, and a foreign language.
Pass Rate
Acceptance into top universities: ~0.5%-1%
Overall pass rate: ~25%
Fees:
Approximately 200 CNY (varies by region).
Exam Structure
Compulsory Subjects: Chinese, Mathematics, and a foreign language (usually English).
Elective Subjects: Science Stream (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) or Arts Stream (History, Politics, Geography).
Duration: 9 hours across two days.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Extremely high competition with 10+ million students appearing every year.
Follow a structured study plan and prioritize weak subjects.
The exam requires memorization of vast amounts of information.
Use mnemonics and memory techniques to retain critical information.
Intense pressure as results determine university admissions.
Practice stress management techniques like meditation and exercise.
Some questions require creative thinking and problem-solving rather than rote learning.
Solve past exam papers and focus on logical reasoning.
2. IIT JEE Advanced (India)
The IIT JEE Advanced is India’s most difficult engineering entrance exam, designed to test students' conceptual understanding, analytical skills, and problem-solving abilities.
It is the gateway to the prestigious Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and other top engineering colleges. Candidates first qualify through JEE Main before appearing for JEE Advanced.
Pass Rate
Total Aspirants: ~1.5 million
Qualified for IITs: ~16,000 (~1%)
Fees:
JEE Main: ₹1,000 for male candidates, ₹500 for female candidates.
JEE Advanced: ₹2,900 for general category candidates.
Exam Structure
Subjects Covered: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics
Mode: Computer-based
Duration: Two 3-hour papers (total 6 hours)
Question Type: Multiple-choice, integer-type, and numerical-based questions
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
High competition with 1.5M students appearing and <1% securing IIT admission.
Start early with a 3-4 year study plan and focus on fundamentals.
Requires deep conceptual understanding rather than memorization.
Solve previous years’ questions and strengthen problem-solving skills.
Negative marking system increases difficulty.
Practice mock tests regularly to improve accuracy.
High-stakes exam that determines entry into IITs.
Follow a structured timetable and maintain consistent revision.
3. Civil Services Exam (UPSC, India)
The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) Civil Services Exam is one of the world’s most rigorous government exams. It selects candidates for prestigious positions such as IAS, IPS, and IFS in India’s bureaucracy.
The exam requires knowledge across diverse subjects like history, geography, polity, economy, and current affairs.
Pass Rate
Total Aspirants: ~1 million
Final Selections: ~800-1,000 (<0.1%)
Fees:
Preliminary: ₹100.
Mains: ₹200.
Reserved categories and female candidates often receive fee exemptions.
Exam Structure
Preliminary Exam: Two objective papers (General Studies & CSAT).
Mains Exam: Nine descriptive papers covering various subjects.
Interview: Personality test assessing leadership and decision-making.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Covers vast subjects, including governance, history, and current affairs.
Read NCERT books and newspapers daily (The Hindu, Indian Express).
Three-stage exam with a year-long process.
Follow a well-structured study plan for Prelims, Mains, and Interview.
Intense competition with 1M+ aspirants and only 1,000 selections.
Attempt mock tests and analyze mistakes.
Requires strong analytical and writing skills for Mains.
Improve essay-writing and answer structuring.
4. All Souls Prize Fellowship Exam (Oxford, UK)
The All Souls Prize Fellowship Exam is one of the world’s most intellectually demanding tests. Conducted by Oxford University, it selects only a handful of exceptionally brilliant individuals for its prestigious All Souls College Fellowship.
The exam assesses advanced critical thinking, reasoning, and essay-writing abilities, with no fixed syllabus.
Pass Rate
Only 2-3 candidates are selected every 2-3 years.
Fees:
No registration fee for eligible candidates.
Exam Structure
Four written papers:
Two on specialized subjects (law, history, politics, or philosophy).
One general essay paper.
One paper with a single-word prompt (e.g., “Hope” or “Innocence”), requiring deep interpretation.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
No fixed syllabus—tests pure intellectual depth.
Read philosophy, history, and politics extensively.
Requires exceptional analytical and essay-writing skills.
Practice writing structured, persuasive essays.
The one-word essay prompt demands deep interpretation.
Develop critical reasoning and originality in thought.
5. USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination, USA)
The USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) is a multi-step exam required for medical graduates to practice medicine in the United States. The test is globally recognized for its rigorous assessment of medical knowledge, diagnostic skills, and patient care abilities.
Step 3: Evaluates decision-making in patient care.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Requires 4+ years of medical knowledge.
Use First Aid USMLE and UWorld practice tests.
Covers a vast range of medical concepts.
Revise high-yield topics frequently.
Clinical decision-making and patient interactions are tested.
Practice case studies and clinical scenarios.
6. Master Sommelier Diploma Exam
The Master Sommelier Diploma Exam is considered the hardest wine certification test in the world. It tests expertise in wine regions, service, tasting, and identification, requiring candidates to memorize thousands of wines by taste, aroma, and origin.
Pass Rate
Less than 10% pass, even after multiple attempts.
Fees:
Approximately $1,000 per attempt.
Exam Structure
Theory: Covers wine laws, production, and regions.
Service: Assesses professional wine-serving skills.
Blind Tasting: Candidates must identify wines by taste, smell, and texture.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Requires identification of wines blindly.
Train with daily wine-tasting sessions.
Memorization of 10,000+ wine varieties.
Study global wine history and production.
One of the rarest certifications—only 300 people have passed in 50 years.
Practice under a certified Master Sommelier mentor.
7. ICAI CA / ICMAI CMA (India)
The Chartered Accountant (CA) and Cost & Management Accountant (CMA) exams are India’s most challenging finance and accounting certifications. They test knowledge in taxation, auditing, cost management, and corporate finance, with multiple levels of assessment.
Extensive syllabus covering accounting, law, taxation, and auditing.
Focus on concept clarity and practical applications.
Low pass rates—requires multiple attempts for most candidates.
Attempt mock tests and solve previous years’ papers.
The Final exam demands in-depth case study analysis.
Strengthen financial modeling and taxation laws knowledge.
8. CCIE (Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert)
The Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE) is one of the most prestigious and technically demanding networking certifications in the world. It validates an engineer’s ability to design, implement, and troubleshoot complex enterprise networking solutions.
The exam is divided into two parts: a written qualifying test and an intensive 8-hour hands-on lab that pushes candidates to their limits.
Candidates often take 2-3 years of preparation before passing.
Fees:
$450 to $600 for the written exam
$1,600 to $2,000 for the lab exam
Exam Structure
Written Exam (2 hours): Covers advanced networking topics like routing, switching, security, automation, and enterprise networking.
Lab Exam (8 hours):
First Section (3 hours): Diagnosing complex networking issues using real Cisco equipment.
Second Section (5 hours): Implementing a full-fledged network based on a given scenario.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Requires deep knowledge of multiple networking domains.
Gain hands-on experience with Cisco labs and real equipment.
The 8-hour lab test demands extensive troubleshooting skills.
Practice with CCIE workbooks and real-time simulations.
Low pass rates, often requires multiple attempts.
Join CCIE bootcamps and peer study groups.
9. Mensa IQ Test
The Mensa IQ Test is an elite intelligence assessment designed to identify individuals with superior cognitive abilities. Mensa, the world's largest and oldest high-IQ society, only accepts individuals who score in the top 2% of the global population.
The test primarily measures logical reasoning, pattern recognition, spatial awareness, and problem-solving skills, making it one of the most selective IQ assessments in the world.
Pass Rate
Only 2% of test-takers qualify for Mensa membership.
Global average IQ score: 100, while Mensa requires an IQ above 130.
Fees:
Typically ranges between $40 - $60, depending on location.
Exam Structure
Time Limit: 30-45 minutes.
Two types of tests:
Culture-fair test: Includes abstract, non-verbal puzzles to ensure fairness across all cultures.
Standard IQ test: Includes verbal reasoning, number series, and pattern recognition questions.
No prior knowledge is tested—pure intelligence is assessed.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Requires a high IQ score (130+ on most scales).
Practice with official Mensa sample questions.
Focuses on abstract reasoning and complex problem-solving.
Train with logical puzzles, brain teasers, and pattern games.
Time pressure—only 30-45 minutes to complete.
Develop fast problem-solving techniques.
No fixed syllabus—tests innate intelligence, not knowledge.
Improve mental agility through chess, math puzzles, and strategy games.
10. CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) Exam
The Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) exam is regarded as the toughest finance certification globally, designed for professionals aiming for expertise in investment management, financial analysis, and portfolio management.
Conducted by the CFA Institute, the exam consists of three levels, each progressively more complex, covering topics like equity valuation, fixed income, risk management, derivatives, and corporate finance.
Pass Rate
Level 1: 25-30%
Level 2: 30-40%
Level 3: 10-15%
Less than 10% of candidates complete all three levels successfully.
Fees:
Enrollment Fee: $350 (one-time)
Exam Structure
Level 1:
240 multiple-choice questions covering financial concepts, ethics, and investment tools.
Level 2:
Focuses on applying financial concepts to real-world case studies.
Contains vignette-style (long passage) questions.
Level 3:
Emphasizes portfolio management and investment decision-making.
Includes essay-based and case-study-based questions.
Why It’s Tough & Tips for Success
Challenges
Tips for Success
Requires over 900+ hours of study across all three levels.
Follow a structured study plan using CFA Institute materials.
Extremely low pass rates (10-30%).
Attempt mock tests and practice time management.
Covers a vast syllabus across multiple financial disciplines.
Focus on high-weightage topics like ethics, equity, and portfolio management.
Requires deep understanding of complex financial instruments.
Use practical applications—invest in stocks and analyze market trends.
Other Extremely Challenging Exams Around the World
While the top 8 toughest exams stand out, there are several other rigorous assessments that test candidates' intellect, skills, and endurance.
Here are some other exams that are exceptionally difficult, spanning medical, law, finance, and competitive entrance tests across the world.
Honorable Mentions: The World’s Most Difficult Exams
A must for top MBA programs, testing complex problem-solving, logic, and analytical writing under tight time constraints.
IMAT (International Medical Admissions Test, Italy & Europe)
High-stakes medical entrance exam for non-EU students, demanding expertise in biology, chemistry, and logical reasoning.
IIM CAT (Common Admission Test, India)
India’s toughest MBA entrance exam with extreme competition and sections on logical reasoning, quantitative skills, and verbal ability.
STPM (Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia, Malaysia)
Malaysia’s hardest pre-university exam, with an A-Level-style curriculum in science, mathematics, and humanities.
What Makes an Exam the Toughest in the World?
The world's toughest exams are designed to challenge candidates on multiple levels, requiring more than just textbook knowledge. These tests push the limits of critical thinking, problem-solving, endurance, and expertise.
Several key factors determine the difficulty of an exam:
Extremely Low Pass Rates – Some exams, like UPSC and IIT JEE Advanced, have pass rates below 1%, filtering out thousands of aspirants.
Vast and Complex Syllabus – Exams like CFA and Gaokao cover multiple subjects, requiring years of intense preparation.
Multi-Stage Testing – The USMLE and UPSC involve several grueling rounds, each demanding different skills.
Negative Marking & Time Pressure – Tests like IIT JEE Advanced penalize wrong answers, making accuracy crucial. Mensa IQ tests require solving complex problems in seconds.
Practical & Real-World Application – The Master Sommelier Exam and CCIE test real-life expertise beyond theory.
High Psychological Pressure – In China, Gaokao determines students’ entire careers, creating immense societal pressure.
Elite Career Impact – Clearing CFA, USMLE, or Bar Exams unlocks prestigious global career opportunities.
How to Prepare for the World’s Toughest Exams
With pass rates as low as 2-5% in exams like Gaokao and UPSC, smart preparation is key. Here’s how to boost your chances of success:
Break Down the Syllabus – Massive subjects like CFA and JEE Advanced can feel overwhelming. Split them into small, manageable sections to stay organized.
Master Time Management – Try the Pomodoro Technique: 25-minute study sprints with 5-minute breaks to boost focus without burnout.
Take Mock Tests – Many CAT toppers attempt 20-30 mocks before the real exam. Simulating exam conditions improves accuracy and speed.
Revise Smartly – Use spaced repetition to improve recall by 80%. Reviewing information at strategic intervals strengthens long-term memory.
Consider Professional Coaching – Tough exams like UPSC and CA often have higher success rates among coached candidates. Expert guidance can simplify complex topics.
Study in Groups – Group discussions help clarify doubts, strengthen concepts, and keep motivation high. Teaching others reinforces your own learning.
Prioritize Sleep & Exercise – A 7-8 hour sleep cycle and regular physical activity sharpen focus and improve memory retention.
Manage Stress Effectively – Deep breathing, mindfulness, and journaling can enhance concentration and keep anxiety in check during high-pressure exams.
By following these strategies, you can maximize efficiency, retain knowledge better, and stay mentally sharp for the toughest exams in the world.
Conclusion
The toughest exams in the world share common traits—vast syllabus, multiple testing stages, low pass rates, and intense competition. Success in these exams demands strategic preparation, perseverance, and strong time management.
While the journey is challenging, staying motivated, managing stress through mindfulness, and maintaining a disciplined study routine can make a significant difference.
Clearing these exams is not just about intelligence; it's about resilience and determination. Whether you aim for UPSC, CFA, Gaokao, or USMLE, each exam opens doors to prestigious career opportunities. With the right mindset and preparation, you can conquer even the most demanding academic challenges.
upGrad Abroad helps you stay focused, organized, and motivated throughout your exam journey.Get expert support, proven strategies, and the resources you need to achieve your goals.
Gaokao (China’s National College Entrance Exam) is often considered the toughest due to its intense syllabus, 10-hour duration, and life-altering impact on students’ futures. Other exams like UPSC, CFA, and IIT JEE Advanced are also extremely difficult, requiring years of preparation and deep expertise.
Is Gaokao tougher than JEE?
Yes, Gaokao is considered tougher because of its broader syllabus, longer exam duration, and intense competition in China. However, JEE Advanced is extremely difficult for engineering aspirants, testing advanced concepts in physics, chemistry, and mathematics with negative marking and a low selection rate.
Which is the 3rd toughest exam in India?
After UPSC and IIT JEE Advanced, CA (Chartered Accountancy) is often ranked as the third toughest exam in India. It has multiple levels, vast syllabi, and one of the lowest pass rates. Other tough Indian exams include AIIMS, CAT, and GATE, each challenging in its own field.
Is CA tougher than JEE?
Both exams are tough in different ways. JEE Advanced tests advanced problem-solving skills in physics, chemistry, and mathematics, while CA demands long-term commitment, practical training, and expertise in accounting, auditing, and taxation. CA is considered harder due to its multi-stage process and extremely low pass rate.
Which is the toughest exam in India?
The UPSC Civil Services Exam is widely regarded as India’s toughest due to its vast syllabus, three-stage selection process (Prelims, Mains, Interview), and extremely low success rate. Other difficult exams include IIT JEE Advanced, CA, AIIMS, and CAT, all of which have intense competition and complex formats.
How difficult is the CFA exam?
The CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) exam has three levels, requiring deep knowledge of finance, investment management, and ethics. With an average pass rate below 50% per level, the entire process takes 2-4 years and demands extensive preparation, making it one of the hardest finance certifications worldwide.
Why is the USMLE considered one of the hardest exams?
The USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) consists of three rigorous steps, testing medical students on knowledge, clinical reasoning, and real-world patient care. The vast syllabus, years of preparation, and high failure rate make it one of the toughest medical licensing exams globally.
Which exams have the lowest pass rates globally?
Exams like UPSC (0.1-1%), CA Final (5-10%), CFA Level 1 (25-40%), and Gaokao (extreme competition) have some of the lowest pass rates. Other challenging exams include the Master Sommelier Diploma Exam and CCIE, both requiring deep expertise and multiple attempts for success.
Which is the toughest law entrance exam in the world?
The All Souls Prize Fellowship Exam (Oxford) is considered the toughest law-related exam due to its analytical essays and critical thinking questions. The Bar Exam (USA, UK, India) also ranks among the hardest, as it requires extensive legal knowledge, case analysis, and professional ethics understanding.
How do I prepare for highly competitive exams like JEE and UPSC?
Effective preparation includes structured study plans, mock tests, time management, and regular revisions. Competitive exams demand deep conceptual understanding, so coaching, group discussions, and self-discipline play a crucial role. Additionally, stress management, good sleep, and physical fitness improve focus and performance.
Is the Mensa IQ test really difficult?
Yes, the Mensa IQ Test is challenging as it measures logical reasoning, problem-solving, and pattern recognition. To qualify for Mensa, you need to score in the top 2% of the global population, making it highly selective. While not knowledge-based, it requires strong cognitive abilities under strict time limits.
She is an experienced writer and journalist who has extensively covered the education sector in India and Abroad. Now helping Indian aspirants realise their foreign education dream by providing them with relevant content and information through upGrad Abroad. Amateur traveller, loves to read Architectural Digest!
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