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GMAT Syllabus 2025: Section-Wise Breakdown & Exam Format

Updated on 15 March, 2025

Acing the GMAT exam requires a clear understanding of the GMAT syllabus and how the test is structured. 

The GMAT Focus Edition evaluates candidates across three sections: Quantitative Reasoning, Verbal Reasoning, and Data Insights. Each section assesses different skills essential for business school admissions.

In this guide, we will break down the GMAT syllabus section by section, including the exam format, types of questions, and important topics to help you prepare effectively.

GMAT Exam Format 2025

Before diving into the syllabus, it is essential to understand the GMAT exam format. The table below provides a detailed breakdown of the number of questions, time limits, and question types in each section.

Section Number of Questions Time Limit Question Types
Quantitative Reasoning 21 questions 45 minutes Problem-Solving, Data Sufficiency
Verbal Reasoning 23 questions 45 minutes Reading Comprehension, Critical Reasoning, Sentence Correction
Data Insights 20 questions 45 minutes Data Sufficiency, Table Analysis, Graphics Interpretation, Multi-Source Reasoning

Total Duration: 2 hours 15 minutes, with an optional 10-minute break.

If you're curious about GMAT scores and what qualifies as a good score in 2025, check out this detailed guide: GMAT Results: What is a Good GMAT Score? 

Now, let's explore the GMAT syllabus in detail for each section.

GMAT Syllabus 2025 - Section-Wise Breakdown

The GMAT Focus Edition (2025) consists of three sections:

Each section evaluates different cognitive abilities, and mastering the syllabus is essential for success. Below is a detailed breakdown of each section, covering exam format, question types, and topics.

Quantitative Reasoning (21 Questions, 45 Minutes)

The Quantitative Reasoning section tests mathematical aptitude, problem-solving skills, and logical reasoning. It does not require advanced math (like calculus or trigonometry) but focuses on fundamental concepts from high school mathematics.

📌 No calculator is allowed in this section, so mental math and approximation skills are crucial.

Question Types:

  1. Problem Solving – Requires direct calculations and logical problem-solving using mathematical formulas.
  2. Data Sufficiency – Tests the ability to determine if given data is enough to solve a problem.

Skills Tested:

 ✅ Numerical reasoning
✅ Algebraic manipulation
Geometric analysis
✅ Logical evaluation of mathematical statements

Detailed Topic Breakdown:

Topic Concepts Tested
Arithmetic Number properties, fractions, decimals, percentages, ratios, averages
Algebra Linear & quadratic equations, inequalities, functions, exponents
Geometry Lines, angles, triangles, circles, coordinate geometry, volume & area
Word Problems Probability, permutations & combinations, set theory, time-speed-distance

💡 Preparation Tip: Focus on solving mixed-difficulty questions and review incorrect answers to improve weak areas.

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Verbal Reasoning (23 Questions, 45 Minutes)

The Verbal Reasoning section evaluates reading comprehension, logical reasoning, and grammar proficiency. The focus is on analyzing written material, understanding argument structures, and identifying errors in sentence construction.

📌 This section does not test vocabulary directly but requires strong comprehension skills.

Question Types:

  1. Reading Comprehension – Tests the ability to extract and interpret information from passages.
  2. Critical Reasoning – Evaluates argument structures and logical assumptions.
  3. Sentence Correction – Assesses grammar, sentence clarity, and proper usage of idioms.

Skills Tested:

 ✅ Logical argument analysis
✅ Grammar and sentence structuring
✅ Reading efficiency and comprehension

Detailed Topic Breakdown:

Topic Concepts Tested
Reading Comprehension Identifying main ideas, drawing inferences, distinguishing facts from opinions
Critical Reasoning Strengthening/weakening arguments, logical assumptions, argument flaws
Sentence Correction Parallelism, subject-verb agreement, modifiers, pronouns, idioms

💡 Preparation Tip: Read business articles, scientific journals, and editorial pieces daily to build analytical reading skills.

Data Insights (20 Questions, 45 Minutes)

The Data Insights section replaces the Integrated Reasoning (IR) section and incorporates data analysis skills from both Quantitative and Verbal sections.

📌 A calculator is allowed in this section, making it different from Quantitative Reasoning.

Question Types:

  1. Data Sufficiency – Determines whether given data is enough to answer a question.
  2. Graphics Interpretation – Analyzes data in graphs, charts, and flow diagrams.
  3. Table Analysis – Extracts trends and patterns from structured tables.
  4. Multi-Source Reasoning – Synthesizes data from multiple sources (text, tables, and charts).

Skills Tested:

 ✅ Data-driven decision-making
✅ Graphical data interpretation
✅ Statistical reasoning

Detailed Topic Breakdown:

Topic Concepts Tested
Data Sufficiency Identifying minimum data needed for solving problems
Graphics Interpretation Analyzing pie charts, bar graphs, scatter plots
Table Analysis Sorting & filtering data, trend identification
Multi-Source Reasoning Synthesizing information from multiple datasets

💡 Preparation Tip: Improve data visualization skills and practice decision-making questions under timed conditions.

GMAT Preparation Tips - Syllabus Focused

A well-structured study approach can significantly improve your GMAT performance. Focus on section-wise strategies, effective time management, and the right study resources to strengthen your grasp of the syllabus. 

Below are key preparation tips to help you excel in each section.

Section-Wise Study Plan

Here’s how you can optimize your preparation for each section:

  • Quantitative Reasoning: Strengthen fundamental math concepts such as algebra, geometry, and arithmetic. 
    • Focus on mental calculations and approximation techniques to improve speed and accuracy. 
    • Solve a mix of easy, moderate, and difficult problems to develop problem-solving flexibility.
  • Verbal Reasoning: Read complex texts daily from diverse sources like business journals, scientific articles, and editorials. 
    • Practice critical reasoning exercises to enhance logical thinking. 
    • Refine grammar skills by reviewing sentence structure, modifiers, parallelism, and idioms.
  • Data Insights: Develop proficiency in analyzing charts, tables, and graphical data efficiently. 
    • Learn quick data interpretation strategies and practice multi-source reasoning questions. 
      • Focus on decision-making based on quantitative and qualitative data to improve accuracy under time constraints.

💡 Tip: Create a study schedule with dedicated time slots for each section, regularly attempt mock tests, and review errors to refine your approach.

Also Read: GMAT Exam Preparation: How to Start Preparing For GMAT

Study Resources & Materials

To prepare effectively for the GMAT syllabus, refer to:
📘 Official GMAT Guide (Latest Edition) – The best source for practice questions.
📊 Online Question Banks & Adaptive Learning Platforms – Personalized study recommendations.
📝 Full-Length Mock Tests – Simulate real exam conditions and track your progress.

Conclusion

A clear understanding of the GMAT syllabus and exam format is essential for a strategic study plan. By focusing on section-wise preparation and using high-quality study materials, you can maximize your score and improve your chances of getting into a top business school.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What topics are covered in the GMAT Quantitative Reasoning section?

The GMAT Quantitative Reasoning section covers arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and word problems. Key topics include fractions, ratios, equations, inequalities, probability, set theory, coordinate geometry, and data sufficiency. A calculator is not allowed, so mental math skills are essential.

How can I prepare for the GMAT Verbal Reasoning section?

To prepare for GMAT Verbal Reasoning, read complex passages regularly, practice critical reasoning to evaluate arguments, and refine your grammar skills. Focus on sentence correction rules like modifiers, parallelism, and idioms. Mock tests help improve comprehension speed and accuracy.

What are Data Sufficiency questions in the GMAT?

Data Sufficiency questions test your ability to analyze numerical data and determine if the given information is sufficient to answer a problem. Instead of solving problems traditionally, you must evaluate provided statements and decide whether they provide enough data to find a solution.

Does the GMAT have a separate grammar section?

No, grammar is tested in the Sentence Correction part of Verbal Reasoning. It evaluates grammar rules, sentence structure, modifiers, parallelism, subject-verb agreement, and idioms. Mastering English grammar fundamentals and practicing common GMAT question types is crucial for success.

What is tested in the GMAT Reading Comprehension section?

The GMAT Reading Comprehension section assesses your ability to understand, analyze, and interpret complex passages. Topics include business, humanities, science, and social sciences. Questions focus on main ideas, inferences, tone, and logical structures within the passage.

How difficult is the GMAT math section?

The difficulty of the GMAT math section varies, but it primarily tests high school-level concepts. However, the problem-solving and data sufficiency questions require strong analytical and logical reasoning skills. Time management and mental calculations are crucial for high scores.

What are the best books for GMAT syllabus preparation?

Top books for GMAT preparation include The Official Guide for GMAT (latest edition), Manhattan Prep GMAT Strategy Guides, and GMAT Advanced Quant by Manhattan Prep. Online resources like GMAT Club, e-GMAT, and official GMAT practice tests are also highly recommended.

How much time is needed to cover the GMAT syllabus?

The ideal preparation time depends on your current skill level. On average, 2 to 3 months (150-200 hours) of focused study is recommended. Create a study plan, take mock tests, analyze weaknesses, and practice consistently to cover all syllabus topics effectively.

What is the role of Multi-Source Reasoning in GMAT?

Multi-Source Reasoning is part of the Data Insights section and tests your ability to analyze multiple sources of information—graphs, charts, text, and tables. You must compare, contrast, and synthesize data to answer complex logical and numerical questions accurately.

Are geometry questions common in the GMAT Quant section?

Yes, GMAT includes basic geometry questions, but they are fewer than arithmetic and algebra questions. Key topics include lines, angles, triangles, circles, coordinate geometry, and volume. Unlike other exams, memorizing formulas is not enough—you need strong problem-solving skills.

Does the GMAT syllabus change every year?

The core syllabus remains the same, but in 2023, the GMAT introduced the GMAT Focus Edition, which revised certain sections. The exam now focuses more on Data Insights and critical reasoning skills while removing topics like Geometry and Sentence Correction. Always check for official updates.

Urvi Agrawal

Urvi has 3 years of experience as a content writer and marketer. Over years, she has established herself as a study-abroad expert and is adept at crafting compelling and engaging content for students. Self-driven and passionate professional, she likes writing poetry and has authored a poetry book ‘Thoughts of a Wallflower’.

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