Complete GRE Syllabus Guide: Section-Wise Breakdown

The GRE (Graduate Record Examination) is a standardized test required for admission to many postgraduate programs abroad, especially in the US, Canada, and Europe. It is conducted by ETS (Educational Testing Service) and is accepted by over 1,200 universities worldwide.

Over 1.13 lakh Indian students take the GRE each year to apply for master’s programs abroad. Many begin preparing without first understanding the GRE syllabus. That often leads to confusion, wasted time, and uneven scores.

The GRE is a timed test with specific question types and topics. It checks how well you understand written information, solve quantitative problems, and structure arguments.

Before starting your prep, know what each section covers. The GRE syllabus is divided into:

• Analytical Writing
• Verbal Reasoning
• Quantitative Reasoning

This blog explains each section clearly so you can plan your preparation the right way.

GRE Eligibility Criteria – Check if you're good to go before starting your prep.

GRE Exam Dates – Pick the perfect test date that matches your timeline.

GRE Syllabus Overview

The GRE General Test checks how well you can read, write, and solve problems. It doesn’t test specific subject knowledge. The focus is on basic math, reading skills, and how clearly you can explain your thoughts in writing.

Here’s a quick look at the three main sections:

Section	What It Covers	Question Types	Time Limit
Verbal Reasoning	Reading passages, vocabulary in context, reasoning skills	Reading comprehension, text completion, sentence equivalence	~30 minutes
Quantitative Reasoning	Arithmetic, algebra, geometry, data analysis	Multiple choice, numeric entry, quantitative comparison	~35 minutes
Analytical Writing	Writing an opinion-based essay, using logic and examples	1 essay – Analyze an Issue	30 minutes

GRE Vocabulary List – Add high-frequency GRE words to your study mix.

GRE Syllabus: Verbal Reasoning

The GRE Verbal Reasoning section tests your ability to understand, evaluate, and interpret written material. It includes three main question types:

• Reading Comprehension
• Text Completion
• Sentence Equivalence

This section focuses on vocabulary in context, logical reasoning, main idea identification, and understanding the tone or purpose of a passage.

Skills Tested in Verbal Reasoning

• Understand the meaning of words, sentences, and paragraphs
• Analyze relationships between parts of a sentence
• Evaluate written material and draw conclusions
• Identify assumptions and perspectives
• Recognize how ideas are connected

Common Topics Covered

Topic Type	Areas You’ll See
Reading Passages	Science, humanities, social studies, business, and general topics
Vocabulary-based	Contextual word meanings, synonym pairs
Logical Analysis	Inference, argument structure, author’s tone

GRE Verbal Reasoning – Get to know what’s tested in Verbal—without the jargon.

How to Prepare for GRE Verbal – Not sure how to begin with Verbal? This guide helps you start right.

GRE Verbal Reasoning Question Types

1. Reading Comprehension

These questions are based on short and long passages with 1–6 questions each.

Question Types:

• Single-answer multiple choice
• Multiple-answer questions
• Sentence selection from the passage

Skills Required:

• Identify main ideas and supporting details
• Understand tone, purpose, and structure
• Draw logical inferences
• Evaluate strengths and weaknesses in arguments

Reading Sources May Include:

• The Economist
• Scientific American
• The New York Times
• Research articles from social and physical sciences

2. Text Completion

These questions test how well you can complete a passage by selecting the most appropriate words.

Format:

• Short passages with 1–3 blanks
• Each blank has its own answer choices
• No partial credit—every blank must be correct

Tips:

• Read the entire passage first
• Focus on transition words (e.g., however, although)
• Try to fill in blanks before looking at choices

Blanks in Passage	Answer Choices
One blank	5 choices
Two or three	3 choices per blank

3. Sentence Equivalence

You’ll be given one sentence with a blank and six answer choices. Choose two options that create grammatically and logically complete sentences with the same meaning.

Key Points:

• Only one blank per question
• Two correct choices—no credit for one correct answer
• Focus is on meaning, not just synonyms

Strategy:

• Understand the sentence’s full meaning
• Look for logical word pairs
• Avoid selecting similar-sounding or unrelated synonyms

Sentence Structure	Choices Given	Must Select
1 sentence + 1 blank	6 words	2 correct answers

GRE Syllabus: Quantitative Reasoning

The GRE Quantitative Reasoning section tests your understanding of basic math, how well you solve problems, and your ability to apply concepts in both academic and real-life contexts. It doesn’t involve calculus or higher-level mathematics. Most of the content comes from high school algebra, arithmetic, and introductory statistics.

What GRE Quant Really Tests

• Basic math skills
• Understanding of core math concepts
• Problem-solving using quantitative methods
• Ability to interpret and analyze data

GRE Quant Syllabus: Topics Covered

Content Area	Topics Included
Arithmetic	Integers, factors, remainders, exponents, percent, ratio, number lines, sequences
Algebra	Expressions, equations, inequalities, functions, coordinate geometry, graphs
Geometry	Lines, angles, triangles, circles, area, perimeter, volume, similar figures
Data Analysis	Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, probability, data sets, charts, permutations & combinations

No need to study trigonometry or calculus. Proofs and advanced math are not tested.

GRE Quantitative Reasoning – See what math topics actually show up in GRE Quant.

GRE Quant Question Types

Question Type	Description
Quantitative Comparison	Compare two quantities; choose which is greater, equal, or if not enough info
Multiple-Choice (Single)	Choose one correct answer from five options
Multiple-Choice (One or More)	Select one or more correct answers from a list
Numeric Entry	Enter your own numerical response
Data Interpretation Sets	Answer multiple questions based on the same chart, table, or graph

You’ll see both standalone questions and sets based on data.

How to Get a Good Score in GRE – Use smart prep ideas to push past the average.

What Makes GRE Quant Challenging?

Most questions are word problems, where you’ll need to read carefully, identify what’s being asked, and model it mathematically. Many students struggle not with the math itself, but with interpreting the question correctly under time pressure.

Calculator Use in GRE Quant

You're allowed to use an on-screen calculator. But it’s basic—no scientific or graphing features. Use it only when needed.

Tips:

• Don’t rely on the calculator for simple math
• Estimate before solving to avoid mistakes
• Avoid decimals if the question asks for a fraction
• Always double-check entries

Common GRE Quant Topics to Focus On

Area	Frequently Tested Concepts
Arithmetic	Percent, ratio, averages, number properties
Algebra	Solving linear/quadratic equations, inequalities, functions
Geometry	Triangles, circles, volume, area, coordinate geometry
Data Analysis	Probability, standard deviation, interpreting charts/graphs

GRE Study Materials – Stick to the right books and skip the confusion.

GRE Syllabus: Analytical Writing

The GRE Analytical Writing section tests how well you can think critically and express ideas clearly in writing. It doesn't test grammar rules or subject knowledge. It focuses on how you structure arguments and support your opinions with logic and examples.

You’ll have 30 minutes to write one essay. The task is selected from the official GRE issue topic pool, and your response is scored on clarity, structure, reasoning, and how well you address the prompt.

Tasks in GRE Analytical Writing

Task Type	What You’ll Do
Analyze an Issue	Respond to an opinion statement by forming your own argument, supported with examples
(Old Format Only) Analyze an Argument	Previously included — currently not part of the new shorter GRE

Note: Only one task is now part of the GRE Focus Edition—Analyze an Issue (30 minutes).

GRE AWA Essays – Understand what the essay section expects from you.

Skills Tested in Analytical Writing

• Develop a clear point of view
• Use relevant examples and reasons
• Organize ideas logically
• Maintain a consistent tone and structure
• Respond directly to the prompt
• Avoid vague or off-topic content

Key Features of the Writing Task

• You’ll type your response using a basic word processor (no spell check or grammar tools)
• You can cut, copy, paste, and undo, but that’s it
• You need to structure your essay in a clear and organized way: introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion

Scoring and Evaluation Criteria

Evaluation Area	What Raters Look For
Critical Thinking	How well you understand the issue and form a clear position
Reasoning	Strength of your logic and use of relevant examples
Structure	Clarity of your paragraph flow and transitions
Language Use	Sentence clarity, vocabulary, and grammar (minor errors are okay)

Each essay is scored on a 0–6 scale, in half-point increments. A human rater and a computer-based system both review your response.

Sample Issue Essays for GRE – Practice with real essay prompts to sharpen your writing.

Common Topics in GRE Issue Task

Topics often touch on:

• Education
• Technology
• Ethics
• Government and society
• Arts and culture
• Science and innovation

You don’t need expert knowledge—just clear reasoning and relevant examples from everyday life, studies, or general knowledge.

GRE Writing Tips for Test Day

• Take 2–3 minutes to plan your response before you start writing
• Stick to 4–5 paragraphs: intro, 2–3 body paragraphs, and a conclusion
• Avoid spending too much time on one section
• Leave 2–3 minutes at the end to revise
• Focus on quality of argument, not length

GRE Subject-Wise Syllabus (If Applicable)

The GRE General Test is the one most students need. It focuses on reasoning, writing, and problem-solving—skills useful in any field. But if you’re applying to a course that asks for a GRE Subject Test, it’s good to know what’s included.

These subject tests are meant for students applying to more specialized programs. They test your knowledge in one particular subject.

Subject	What It Covers
Mathematics	Calculus, algebra, and additional topics like discrete math
Physics	Classical mechanics, electromagnetism, optics, quantum mechanics, thermodynamics
Psychology	Biological, cognitive, developmental, clinical, and social psychology
Chemistry	Analytical, inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry

GRE Subject Tests are required by select universities and programs. Always check university-specific requirements before registering.

GRE Syllabus Breakdown by Difficulty Level

The GRE includes a mix of question levels—some are straightforward, some need a bit more thinking. That’s completely normal. The test is built to measure how you approach problems, not just how fast you solve them.

Here’s a general look at how difficulty is spread across each section:

Section	Easy	Moderate	Challenging
Verbal Reasoning	Vocabulary-in-context, short passages	Inference-based questions	Long RC passages, tone analysis
Quantitative Reasoning	Arithmetic, percent, ratios	Algebra, data interpretation	Word problems, multi-step logic
Analytical Writing	Basic structure, clear language	Argument support, logical flow	Complex ideas, nuanced reasoning

Keep in mind: You’re not expected to get every tough question right. Start with the basics, stay consistent, and work your way up. With regular practice, your speed and confidence will grow.

You’ve got this — one section at a time.

GRE Exam Format

The GRE General Test is now shorter and more structured. You won’t waste time on random questions or unscored sections. Here's how it actually works.

Number of Sections in the New GRE

There are three main sections:

• Analytical Writing (1 task)
• Verbal Reasoning (2 sections)
• Quantitative Reasoning (2 sections)

ETS has removed unscored and research sections in the updated test format. So now, every question affects your final score.

How Many Hours is GRE Exam – Know exactly how much time you’ll spend on test day.

GRE At Home – Wondering if the at-home GRE is right for you? This one clears things up.

GRE Section Timing

Section	No. of Questions / Task	Time Limit
Analytical Writing	1 essay (Issue task only)	30 minutes
Verbal Reasoning	27 questions (split in 2 parts)	36 minutes
Quantitative Reasoning	27 questions (split in 2 parts)	47 minutes

Total Duration: Around 1 hour 58 minutes

You’ll get a 10-minute break after the writing task. There are no surprise sections. What you see is what gets scored.

Section Order on Test Day

The GRE follows a fixed order:

1. Analytical Writing
2. Verbal Reasoning – Section 1
3. Verbal Reasoning – Section 2
4. Quantitative Reasoning – Section 1
5. Quantitative Reasoning – Section 2

Weightage of Sections in GRE Scoring

Only Verbal and Quant scores add up to your GRE total score (out of 340). Analytical Writing is scored separately out of 6.

GRE Score Breakdown

Section	Score Range	Included in Total?
Verbal Reasoning	130–170	Yes
Quantitative Reasoning	130–170	Yes
Analytical Writing	0–6	No

So your total score = Verbal + Quant (out of 340). But don't ignore AWA—some universities set a minimum requirement for it.

Which Sections Matter More?

That depends on your course. Here’s a more realistic view:

Course Type	Most Important Section
MS in Computer Science / Data Science	Quantitative Reasoning
MS in Psychology / Political Science	Verbal + AWA
MBA / Business Analytics	Balanced (Quant + Verbal + AWA)
MS in Engineering (Mechanical, Civil)	Quantitative, with decent Verbal
MS in Public Policy / Education	Verbal + Analytical Writing

If you’re applying to a STEM program, aim for 165+ in Quant. For non-STEM, a strong Verbal score (160+) and a 4.0+ in AWA can give you an edge.

GRE Benefits – Not just about admissions—see where else your GRE score helps.

GRE vs GMAT – Still torn between these two? Make the smarter choice based on your goals.

 

Plan Your GRE Prep with upGrad Abroad

You don’t need to study 8 hours a day or finish every GRE book ever written. What you need is a clear plan that fits your routine, focuses on your weak areas, and gives you enough time to improve. That’s where upGrad Abroad can help.

We’ve put together detailed GRE guides that explain everything—how to register, test dates, fees, syllabus, scoring, and what each section really expects from you. You’ll also find free study tips, prep strategies, and blogs that break things down in a way that actually makes sense.

How to Plan Your GRE Prep

• Focus more on Quant if you’re from a non-math background (arts, commerce, law, etc.)
• Give more time to Verbal if English isn’t your strong suit
• Don’t skip AWA — even STEM programs check writing scores
• Use mock tests to check where you stand and plan around that
• Use one main book per section, not five

6-Week Study Plan for GRE (Simple and Effective)

Week	What to Focus On	Use These Resources
Week 1	Take a diagnostic test, review full syllabus	upGrad GRE guide + ETS website
Week 2	Start Quant basics: numbers, percentages	Magoosh Math lessons + upGrad blogs
Week 3	Verbal: Sentence Equivalence + Reading	Manhattan 5 lb Book + ETS Official Guide
Week 4	Geometry + Text Completion + AWA practice	upGrad writing templates + sample prompts
Week 5	Data Interpretation + Vocab revision	upGrad word lists + practice sets
Week 6	Full-length test + focused revision	ETS PowerPrep Test + personal weak areas

Which Section Needs More Attention?

Section	Pay More Attention If You Are…
Quant	From non-engineering, non-math background
Verbal	Not used to reading long English passages
AWA	Not confident in writing clear arguments

Need help getting started?

upGrad Abroad has blogs, tips, vocab lists, essay samples, and everything you’ll need—without the stress or confusion.

Want a plan that fits your timeline? Talk to our counselors and get started.

GRE Guide Ebook – Follow a 6-week prep plan without stressing about where to begin.

How to Register for GRE Exam – Step-by-step help for getting your GRE slot locked in.